Behavioural biases that damage your investments!
In matters of investment, the sooner you acknowledge your mistakes, the sooner you'll find help in getting out of the soup. To break free from biases, the first step should be to identify those biases, says, Balwant Jain, Tax and Investment Expert.
The exchange-traded funds (ETFs) began their journey in India way back in 2002 when the first ETF by Nippon India Mutual fund (erstwhile Benchmark Asset Management Company Ltd) was launched in India on the Nifty 50 Index. The ETF was listed on NSE on January 8, 2002 and day one witnessed trading of Rs 1.30 crore on NSE.
The journey to the listing of the 100th ETF on NSE took more than 19 years. The previous year has seen a lot of activity in the ETF space, with 21 ETFs getting listed on NSE. The assets under management of ETFs in India is now at Rs 3.16 lakh crore (end of May 2021), witnessing more than 13.8 times increase in five years, as compared to Rs 23,000 crore (end of April 2016).
On the occasion, Vikram Limaye, MD and CEO, NSE said: “India is a retail investor-driven market. Channelising household savings into financial products that aid capital formation has always been one of our key objectives. Exchange-traded funds are simple and low-cost investment options, particularly for small and first-time investors to take exposure to equity markets through participation on the stock exchanges. Apart from retail investors, participation of provident/pension funds in equity markets through ETFs and government of India using ETFs for their disinvestment programs have given a big boost to the ETF industry in India.”
“I thank our regulator Securities Exchange Board of India (SEBI) and congratulate all the asset management companies who have launched the ETFs, index providers who provided benchmark indices for the ETFs, trading members, and all other stakeholders. Achievement of this milestone has been made possible by the support of the entire ecosystem,” he added.
The Nifty 50 index continues to be the most post popular index and 17 asset management companies (AMCs) have launched ETF on this index. The other popular equity indices on which AMCs have launched ETFs include Nifty Bank Index and Nifty Next 50 index. With the increasing popularity of ETFs and acceptances of passive investment options by investors, AMCs are now seeing increasing traction and have been launching ETFs on different themes such as sectoral ETFs like Healthcare & Consumption, strategy ETFs on indices such as Nifty50 Value 20 index, Nifty 100 Low Volatility 30 Index, Nifty Alpha Low-Volatility 30 Index, and Nifty 200 Quality 30 Index, etc.
ETFs are also available on gold. There are 11 ETFs with the underlying assets as gold. Last financial year witnessed record participation, with more than 12 lakh investors transacting in gold ETFs. The AUM in Gold ETFs has touched Rs. 16,624 crores, 2.5 times increase in the last 5 years.
Debt-oriented ETFs in India have assets under management of about Rs 40,230 crores and 13 ETFs are listed on NSE with underlying investments in government securities – Central government as well as state government, corporate bonds, and money market instruments. The most popular corporate bond ETFs are on the Bharat Bond Index series with assets under management of about Rs. 34,000 crores.
There are 60 ETFs available under the securities lending and borrowing scheme, where investors can lend or borrow the ETF units. Cross margin to index-based exchange-traded funds benefit is also available on some of the ETFs like the facility available in the equity stocks, index futures, and stock futures.
To encourage participation in equity ETFs, the government of India has also reduced securities transaction tax (STT) to just 0.001% applicable only during the selling of the units. Further, STT is not applicable to non-equity-oriented ETFs.
The average daily turnover of ETFs on NSE stood at around Rs. 265 crore in the current financial year. The number of investors transacting in ETFs has also gone up by 96% from 20.4 lakhs in FY20 to 40.1 lakhs in FY21. The first 3 months of FY22 has already seen transactions by more than 22 lakh investors.
As per the data available with the World Federation of Exchanges, NSE now ranks 9th globally in terms of the number of trades in ETFs as on May 2021.